Which medications other than GTN are commonly used for angina management?

The correct choice identifies a group of medications that play a crucial role in the management of angina, particularly in chronic cases or when glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is not sufficient on its own. Long-acting nitrates, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers are specifically indicated for the treatment of angina due to their ability to improve blood flow and decrease the myocardial oxygen demand.

Long-acting nitrates work similarly to GTN but have a prolonged effect, helping to prevent angina attacks. Beta blockers reduce the heart rate and the forces of myocardial contraction, effectively lowering the oxygen demand during stress or activity. Calcium channel blockers help to relax and widen blood vessels, reducing the heart's workload and improving blood supply to the heart muscle.

In contrast, using antibiotics and antivirals does not directly address the cardiac-related issues of angina, as they treat infectious diseases rather than cardiovascular conditions. Blood thinners and steroids may have their applications but are not primary treatments for angina management. Antihistamines and analgesics also do not provide the specific therapeutic effects required for managing angina effectively. Therefore, the combination of long-acting nitrates, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers stands out as a well-established approach to managing