Which ethnic groups have the highest risk of developing rheumatic fever?

Rheumatic fever, a serious inflammatory condition that can develop after a throat infection caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, disproportionately affects specific ethnic groups due to various social, economic, and environmental factors. The highest risk is seen in Maori and Pacific Islander populations, which is attributed to a combination of genetic susceptibility, socio-economic challenges, and access to healthcare resources.

These groups often face higher rates of housing overcrowding, limited access to medical care, and an increased prevalence of streptococcal throat infections, which are significant contributing factors to the incidence of rheumatic fever. Interventions aimed at improving living conditions, increasing awareness of throat infections, and ensuring timely medical treatment are vital in reducing the risk within these populations. This context explains the heightened vulnerability of Maori and Pacific Islanders to rheumatic fever compared to other ethnic groups who may not experience the same level of risk factors associated with the condition.