Which complication is unique to type 2 diabetes?

The complication that is unique to type 2 diabetes is hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). This condition is characterized by extremely high blood sugar levels, leading to severe dehydration and elevated osmolarity without the presence of significant ketones. HHNS typically occurs in individuals with type 2 diabetes who experience an acute illness or infection that raises their stress hormones, contributing to insulin resistance and the inability to effectively manage blood glucose levels.

While other complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis, can occur primarily in type 1 diabetes, HHNS is associated specifically with type 2 diabetes due to its characteristic pathophysiology involving insulin resistance rather than the absolute insulin deficiency seen in type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the identification of HHNS as a complication highlights the need for careful management of blood glucose levels, especially during illness in individuals with type 2 diabetes.