What occurs during a thermal burn?

During a thermal burn, proteins denature due to the high temperatures involved. When tissue is exposed to extreme heat, such as from flames, hot liquids, or steam, the proteins within the cells and extracellular matrix undergo structural changes. Denaturation alters the function of these proteins, which is critical to many biological processes, including cell integrity and repair mechanisms.

This denaturation can lead to the disruption of cellular structures and functions, often resulting in extensive tissue damage. The affected area will typically undergo a healing process that can include inflammation, tissue regeneration, and, in some cases, scar formation, but these processes occur after the initial damage has taken place rather than immediately. Thus, the process of denaturation is a key aspect of how thermal burns affect tissues and leads to the subsequent physiological responses.