What is an anabolic hormone essential for glucose uptake?

Insulin is the anabolic hormone essential for glucose uptake because it plays a critical role in regulating blood sugar levels. When glucose levels rise in the bloodstream, such as after a meal, insulin is secreted by the pancreas. This hormone facilitates the movement of glucose from the blood into cells, particularly muscle and adipose (fat) tissues, where it can be stored as glycogen or used for energy.

Insulin not only promotes the uptake of glucose but also encourages the synthesis of proteins and lipids, helping to build and store energy reserves in the body. This anabolic function is vital for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and supplying cells with the necessary energy for various physiological processes.

In contrast, cortisol is primarily a catabolic hormone that promotes glucose production from non-carbohydrate sources and has a different role in metabolism. Glucagon, another hormone produced by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to release glucose. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is involved in the 'fight or flight' response and increases blood sugar levels by promoting glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver.

Therefore, insulin's unique role in facilitating glucose uptake directly supports its classification as an anabolic hormone essential for maintaining energy balance and metabolic function