What defines bipolar type 1 disorder?

Bipolar type 1 disorder is characterized by the presence of at least one manic episode, which is typically followed by episodes of depression. The manic episodes can be severe and may lead to significant impairment in social or occupational functioning, or require hospitalization to prevent harm to oneself or others. While depressive episodes often occur in this disorder, they are not a defining feature; rather, it is the occurrence of the manic episodes that is central to the diagnosis.

The distinction of this disorder is important as it helps in understanding the fluctuation between extreme mood states—mania and depression—distinctly impacting an individual’s behavior, thoughts, and emotional state. This combination of manic and depressive episodes provides a clearer picture of the disorder compared to options that focus solely on depressive episodes, mild manic occurrences, or chronic anxiety.