What condition is indicated by the infection of the bladder?

Cystitis refers specifically to the inflammation or infection of the bladder. It is characterized by symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency to urinate, and a painful or burning sensation during urination. The distinction is important because cystitis is often caused by bacterial infections, making it a common urinary tract infection (UTI).

The other conditions mentioned are related but refer to different parts of the urinary system. Nephritis involves inflammation of the kidneys, which is distinct from bladder infections. Pyelonephritis is a type of kidney infection that typically arises from an untreated bladder infection, affecting the kidneys specifically. Urethritis pertains to the inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, and while it can occur alongside cystitis, it does not describe an infection of the bladder itself.

Thus, recognizing cystitis as the infection of the bladder helps in understanding urinary tract issues and their correct medical terminologies.