What are common adverse effects of GTN?

The correct choice highlights common adverse effects associated with glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), which is often used in the treatment of angina and heart failure. Headaches and dizziness are particularly prevalent side effects of GTN due to its mechanism of action as a vasodilator. When GTN is administered, it causes blood vessels to relax, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and increased blood flow. This vasodilation can trigger headaches, often described as thudding or pounding, due to the sudden change in cerebral blood flow. Dizziness can occur as a result of lowered blood pressure and reduced blood perfusion to the brain.

In the context of the other symptoms mentioned in the alternatives, while nausea and vomiting, muscle pain and fatigue, or gastrointestinal issues like constipation and diarrhea can occur with various medications, they are not as commonly associated with GTN specifically. This is why headaches and dizziness are identified as more typical adverse effects of this medication. Understanding these side effects is crucial for monitoring patients on GTN and providing appropriate management if they occur.