How does the body become insulin-dependent in Type 1 diabetes?

In Type 1 diabetes, the body becomes insulin-dependent primarily because the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This autoimmune response leads to insufficient insulin production, which is essential for regulating blood sugar levels. Without adequate insulin, glucose cannot effectively enter the body’s cells, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels and necessitating external insulin administration to manage and control those levels.

Unlike Type 2 diabetes, where insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency occur, Type 1 diabetes is characterized by a complete lack of insulin due to the destruction of these cells. Thus, individuals with Type 1 diabetes require insulin injections or pumps to survive and maintain metabolic stability.